S. 46: Health Care Affordability Act of 2025 · Congress Swing Tracker

S. 46119th CongressTaxation

Health Care Affordability Act of 2025

Sponsored by Sen. Jeanne Shaheen (D-NH) · 44 active : 43 Democrats, 1 Independent

Latest action: Read twice and referred to the Committee on Finance.

Read the summary

Where it standsBefore the Senate

Hasn’t passed either chamber

Senate: next
House: not yet
President: not yet

3 senators score as swing votes

Summary

, via Congress.gov

Summary on Congress.gov

Health Care Affordability Act of 2025

This bill makes permanent temporary changes enacted by the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (ARPA) and the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (IRA) that generally expand eligibility for and increase the amount of the premium tax credit.

Read full summary

Currently, eligible taxpayers may be able to claim the premium tax credit, which applies toward the cost of obtaining health insurance through health insurance exchanges. To be eligible for the premium tax credit, a taxpayer’s household income must meet or exceed 100% of the federal poverty level (FPL) and, after 2025, may not exceed 400% of the FPL (maximum income limit). For 2021-2025, the ARPA and IRA eliminated the maximum income limit, which generally expands eligibility for the premium tax credit.

Further, under current law, the amount of the premium tax credit is (1) generally the plan premium (conditions apply), minus (2) the taxpayer’s household income multiplied by the applicable percentage. The applicable percentage is a specific percentage that varies depending on which of six income ranges (adjusted for inflation after 2025) the taxpayer’s household income falls within. For 2021-2025, the ARPA and IRA lowered the applicable percentages and eliminated the adjustment of the applicable percentages for inflation, which generally increases the amount of the premium tax credit.

The bill makes permanent the elimination of the 400% maximum income limit, the lower applicable percentages, and the elimination of the inflation adjustment for the applicable percentages.

Committees and subjects

Committees

Senate Committee on Finance · SenateReferred to

Subjects

Health care costs and insurance
Income tax credits
Tax administration and collection, taxpayers

Senate · 100 House · 433

Model

v3defaultv2

Directional: count only breaks toward the other party Why do scores change?

How the House breaks down

68Swing 70–100
203Middle 30–70
156Entrenched 0–30
6Insufficient data not ranked

Members fall into . 6 representatives don’t have enough data yet and are marked “insufficient data”. Non-voting delegates are not counted. The bill is not before the House right now; these scores show where members would stand.

Key players in the House

Ranked by swing score, 0–100 · swing-v3, directional

: only movement toward the other party counts, so members who sit further from the center than their party no longer score as swing votes.

Bars show each input from 0 to 100: ideology gap, scorecard gap, , and the . is the seat’s partisan lean, and shows how much of the input data a score has.

Similar past votes, House

Earlier behind swing-v3’s input

Similar votes count toward swing-v3 in the House: total similarity weight 8.5 (needs 5.0).

H.R. 3799 · Jun 21, 2023 · Roll call 281On PassageCHOICE Arrangement Act
PassedShared subjects×1.0
H.R. 3799 · Jun 21, 2023 · Roll call 279On Agreeing to the Amendment
Agreed toShared subjects×1.0
H.R. 3799 · Jun 21, 2023 · Roll call 278On Agreeing to the Amendment
Agreed toShared subjects×1.0
H.R. 3799 · Jun 21, 2023 · Roll call 277On Agreeing to the Amendment
FailedShared subjects×1.0
H.Res. 1156 · Apr 16, 2026 · Roll call 481On Agreeing to the ResolutionExpressing support for tax policies that support working families
PassedSame policy area×0.5
H.J.Res. 25 · Mar 11, 2025 · Roll call 70On PassageProviding for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Internal Revenue Service relating to “Gross Proceeds Reporting by Brokers That Regularly Provide Services Effectuating Digital Asset Sales”
PassedSame policy area×0.5
H.R. 9495 · Nov 21, 2024 · Roll call 1195On PassageStop Terror-Financing and Tax Penalties on American Hostages Act
PassedSame policy area×0.5
H.R. 9495 · Nov 12, 2024 · Roll call 1176On Motion to Suspend the Rules and Pass, as AmendedStop Terror-Financing and Tax Penalties on American Hostages Act
FailedSame policy area×0.5

Show 5 more

H.R. 8314 · Sep 17, 2024 · Roll call 1136On Motion to Suspend the Rules and Pass, as AmendedNo Foreign Election Interference Act
FailedSame policy area×0.5
H.R. 7980 · Sep 12, 2024 · Roll call 1135On PassageEnd Chinese Dominance of Electric Vehicles in America Act
PassedSame policy area×0.5
H.Con.Res. 86 · Mar 21, 2024 · Roll call 815On Agreeing to the ResolutionExpressing the sense of Congress that a carbon tax would be detrimental to the United States economy
PassedSame policy area×0.5
H.R. 7024 · Jan 31, 2024 · Roll call 748On Motion to Suspend the Rules and Pass, as AmendedTax Relief for American Families and Workers Act

Cosponsors

44 active

Show all 44 cosponsors

How the swing score works

Ideology gapHow far a member’s DW-NOMINATE voting score sits from their party’s median in the same chamber.

Scorecard gapHow far their Heritage Action and LCV ratings stray from their party’s average, using the groups’ votes on similar bills where available.

Cross-pressureHow strongly their district or state leans toward the other party, from our own computed partisan lean.

Similar votesHow often they voted against their own party on earlier roll calls about this bill or similar ones.

Committee bonusMembers of the committees handling the bill decide whether it moves, so they get a boost.

Cosponsor checkThe sponsor and active cosponsors have already committed, so they drop toward entrenched.

1
Jared F. GoldenDemocrat · Maine 2nd · Lean R+4On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 34% of 12 similar votes
94Swing
ContactCall 202-225-6306 Website
2
Marie Gluesenkamp PerezDemocrat · Washington 3rd · Lean R+2On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 41% of 13 similar votes
93Swing
ContactCall 202-225-3536 Website
3
Brian K. FitzpatrickRepublican · Pennsylvania 1st · Lean D+1On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 24% of 13 similar votes
93Swing
ContactCall 202-225-4276 Website
4
Michael LawlerRepublican · New York 17th · Lean D+1On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 13% of 13 similar votes
92Swing
ContactCall 202-225-6506 Website
5
Henry CuellarDemocrat · Texas 28th · Lean R+2On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 46% of 13 similar votes
92Swing
ContactCall 202-225-1640 Website
6
Don BaconRepublican · Nebraska 2nd · Lean D+3On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 11% of 13 similar votes
91Swing
ContactCall 202-225-4155 Website
7
Thomas H. KeanRepublican · New Jersey 7th · Lean EVENOn the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 13% of 12 similar votes
90Swing
ContactCall 202-225-5361 Website
8
Donald G. DavisDemocrat · North Carolina 1st · Lean R+1On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 39% of 13 similar votes
88Swing
ContactCall 202-225-3101 Website
9
David G. ValadaoRepublican · California 22nd · Lean R+1On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 10% of 13 similar votes
88Swing
ContactCall 202-225-4695 Website
10
Thomas R. SuozziDemocrat · New York 3rd · Lean EVENOn the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 24% of 7 similar votes
88Swing
ContactCall 202-225-3335 Website

Show the other 58 swing representatives

11
Susie LeeDemocrat · Nevada 3rd · Lean D+1On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 27% of 12 similar votes
88Swing
ContactCall 202-225-3252 Website
12
Kevin KileyIndependent · California 3rd · Lean R+2On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 10% of 13 similar votes
87Swing
ContactCall 202-225-2523 Website
13
Josh GottheimerDemocrat · New Jersey 5th · Lean D+2On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 19% of 11 similar votes
87Swing
ContactCall 202-225-4465 Website
14
Jennifer A. KiggansRepublican · Virginia 2nd · Lean EVENOn the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 9% of 13 similar votes
86Swing
ContactCall 202-225-4215 Website
15
Nick LaLotaRepublican · New York 1st · Lean R+4On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 10% of 13 similar votes
86Swing
ContactCall 202-225-3826 Website
16
Andrew R. GarbarinoRepublican · New York 2nd · Lean R+6On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 11% of 11 similar votes
86Swing
ContactCall 202-225-7896 Website
17
Jared MoskowitzDemocrat · Florida 23rd · Lean D+2On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 23% of 13 similar votes
86Swing
ContactCall 202-225-3001 Website
18
Chris PappasDemocrat · New Hampshire 1st · Lean D+2On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 20% of 13 similar votes
85Swing
ContactCall 202-225-5456 Website
19
Michael R. TurnerRepublican · Ohio 10th · Lean R+3On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 9% of 13 similar votes
85Swing
ContactCall 202-225-6465 Website
20
Laura GillenDemocrat · New York 4th · Lean D+2On the ballot70% of inputs · missing similar votes
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votesNo dataCommitteeNo committee seatToo few votes on similar bills to measure
84Swing
ContactCall 202-225-5516
21
Zachary NunnRepublican · Iowa 3rd · Lean R+2On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 8% of 13 similar votes
84Swing
ContactCall 202-225-5476 Website
22
Adam GrayDemocrat · California 13th · Lean R+1On the ballot70% of inputs · missing similar votes
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votesNo dataCommitteeNo committee seatToo few votes on similar bills to measure
83Swing
ContactCall 202-225-1947
23
David P. JoyceRepublican · Ohio 14th · Lean R+9On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 11% of 12 similar votes
82Swing
ContactCall 202-225-5731 Website
24
Jim CostaDemocrat · California 21st · Lean D+4On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 21% of 13 similar votes
82Swing
ContactCall 202-225-3341 Website
25
Robert P. BresnahanRepublican · Pennsylvania 8th · Lean R+4On the ballot70% of inputs · missing similar votes
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votesNo dataCommitteeNo committee seatToo few votes on similar bills to measure
82Swing
ContactCall 202-225-5546
26
Maria Elvira SalazarRepublican · Florida 27th · Lean R+6On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 9% of 10 similar votes
81Swing
ContactCall 202-225-3931 Website
27
Ryan MackenzieRepublican · Pennsylvania 7th · Lean R+1On the ballot70% of inputs · missing similar votes
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votesNo dataCommitteeNo committee seatToo few votes on similar bills to measure
81Swing
ContactCall
28
Maggie GoodlanderDemocrat · New Hampshire 2nd · Lean D+2On the ballot70% of inputs · missing similar votes
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votesNo dataCommitteeNo committee seatToo few votes on similar bills to measure
80Swing
ContactCall 202-225-5206
29
Young KimRepublican · California 40th · Lean R+1On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 10% of 13 similar votes
80Swing
ContactCall 202-225-4111 Website
30
Derek TranDemocrat · California 45th · Lean D+1On the ballot70% of inputs · missing similar votes
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votesNo dataCommitteeNo committee seatToo few votes on similar bills to measure
80Swing
ContactCall 202-225-2415
31
Marcy KapturDemocrat · Ohio 9th · Lean R+3On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 14% of 13 similar votes
80Swing
ContactCall 202-225-4146 Website
32
Kim SchrierDemocrat · Washington 8th · Lean D+3On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 16% of 13 similar votes
79Swing
ContactCall 202-225-7761 Website
33
Vicente GonzalezDemocrat · Texas 34th · Lean EVENOn the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 34% of 13 similar votes
79Swing
ContactCall 202-225-2531 Website
34
Ken CalvertRepublican · California 41st · Lean R+2On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 8% of 12 similar votes
78Swing
ContactCall 202-225-1986 Website
35
Gabe VasquezDemocrat · New Mexico 2nd · Lean EVENOn the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 20% of 13 similar votes
78Swing
ContactCall 202-225-2365 Website
36
Eugene Simon VindmanDemocrat · Virginia 7th · Lean D+2On the ballot70% of inputs · missing similar votes
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votesNo dataCommitteeNo committee seatToo few votes on similar bills to measure
78Swing
ContactCall 202-225-2815
37
Kristen McDonald RivetDemocrat · Michigan 8th · Lean R+1On the ballot70% of inputs · missing similar votes
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votesNo dataCommitteeNo committee seatToo few votes on similar bills to measure
77Swing
ContactCall
38
Jeff HurdRepublican · Colorado 3rd · Lean R+5On the ballot70% of inputs · missing similar votes
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votesNo dataCommitteeNo committee seatToo few votes on similar bills to measure
77Swing
ContactCall 202-225-4676
39
Gabe EvansRepublican · Colorado 8th · Lean EVENOn the ballot70% of inputs · missing similar votes
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votesNo dataCommitteeNo committee seatToo few votes on similar bills to measure
77Swing
ContactCall 202-225-5625
40
Juan CiscomaniRepublican · Arizona 6th · Lean EVENOn the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 9% of 13 similar votes
76Swing
ContactCall 202-225-2542 Website
41
Dan NewhouseRepublican · Washington 4th · Lean R+10On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 8% of 11 similar votes
76Swing
ContactCall 202-225-5816 Website
42
Hillary J. ScholtenDemocrat · Michigan 3rd · Lean D+4On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 16% of 13 similar votes
76Swing
ContactCall 202-225-3831 Website
43
Patrick RyanDemocrat · New York 18th · Lean D+2On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 19% of 13 similar votes
76Swing
ContactCall 202-225-5614 Website
44
Greg LandsmanDemocrat · Ohio 1st · Lean D+3On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 19% of 13 similar votes
75Swing
ContactCall 202-225-2216 Website
45
Jay ObernolteRepublican · California 23rd · Lean R+8On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 8% of 12 similar votes
75Swing
ContactCall 202-225-5861 Website
46
Derrick Van OrdenRepublican · Wisconsin 3rd · Lean R+3On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 5% of 12 similar votes
74Swing
ContactCall 202-225-5506 Website
47
Michael K. SimpsonRepublican · Idaho 2nd · Lean R+13On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 9% of 12 similar votes
74Swing
ContactCall 202-225-5531 Website
48
Chuck EdwardsRepublican · North Carolina 11th · Lean R+5On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 7% of 13 similar votes
74Swing
ContactCall 202-225-6401 Website
49
Sharice DavidsDemocrat · Kansas 3rd · Lean D+2On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 12% of 13 similar votes
74Swing
ContactCall 202-225-2865 Website
50
Carlos A. GimenezRepublican · Florida 28th · Lean R+10On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 6% of 13 similar votes
73Swing
ContactCall 202-225-2778 Website
51
Mike CareyRepublican · Ohio 15th · Lean R+4On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 4% of 13 similar votes
73Swing
ContactCall 202-225-2015 Website
52
Eric SorensenDemocrat · Illinois 17th · Lean D+3On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 19% of 13 similar votes
73Swing
ContactCall 202-225-5905 Website
53
Raul RuizDemocrat · California 25th · Lean D+3On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 4% of 13 similar votes
73Swing
ContactCall 202-225-5330 Website
54
Max L. MillerRepublican · Ohio 7th · Lean R+5On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 4% of 13 similar votes
73Swing
ContactCall 202-225-3876 Website
55
Frank J. MrvanDemocrat · Indiana 1st · Lean D+1On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 13% of 13 similar votes
73Swing
ContactCall 202-225-2461 Website
55
Steven HorsfordDemocrat · Nevada 4th · Lean D+2On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 12% of 13 similar votes
73Swing
ContactCall 202-225-9894 Website
57
Mariannette Miller-MeeksRepublican · Iowa 1st · Lean R+4On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 6% of 13 similar votes
73Swing
ContactCall 202-225-6576 Website
58
Darren SotoDemocrat · Florida 9th · Lean D+4On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 12% of 13 similar votes
73Swing
ContactCall 202-225-9889 Website
59
Angie CraigDemocrat · Minnesota 2nd · Lean D+3On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 20% of 13 similar votes
73Swing
ContactCall 202-225-2271 Website
60
Sanford D. BishopDemocrat · Georgia 2nd · Lean D+4On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 8% of 13 similar votes
72Swing
ContactCall 202-225-3631 Website
61
Nicole MalliotakisRepublican · New York 11th · Lean R+10On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 5% of 13 similar votes
72Swing
ContactCall 202-225-3371 Website
62
Suhas SubramanyamDemocrat · Virginia 10th · Lean D+6On the ballot70% of inputs · missing similar votes
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votesNo dataCommitteeNo committee seatToo few votes on similar bills to measure
72Swing
ContactCall 202-225-5136
63
Josh HarderDemocrat · California 9th · Lean D+1On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 17% of 12 similar votes
72Swing
ContactCall 202-225-4540 Website
64
John JamesRepublican · Michigan 10th · Lean R+3On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 8% of 13 similar votes
72Swing
ContactCall 202-225-4961 Website
65
Josh RileyDemocrat · New York 19th · Lean D+1On the ballot70% of inputs · missing similar votes
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votesNo dataCommitteeNo committee seatToo few votes on similar bills to measure
71Swing
ContactCall 202-225-5441
66
Mario Diaz-BalartRepublican · Florida 26th · Lean R+16On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 8% of 13 similar votes
71Swing
ContactCall 202-225-4211 Website
67
Tom ColeRepublican · Oklahoma 4th · Lean R+17On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 9% of 13 similar votes
71Swing
ContactCall 202-225-6165 Website
68
Mark E. AmodeiRepublican · Nevada 2nd · Lean R+7On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 5% of 13 similar votes
70Swing
ContactCall 202-225-6155 Website