Congress Swing TrackerLegislative intelligence Swing vote analysis

H.R. 5214: District of Columbia Cash Bail Reform Act of 2025 · Congress Swing Tracker

H.R. 5214119th CongressCrime and Law Enforcement

District of Columbia Cash Bail Reform Act of 2025

Sponsored by Rep. Elise M. Stefanik (R-NY) · 3 active : 3 Republicans

Latest action: Received in the Senate.

Read the summary

Where it standsPassed House, now in the Senate

Passed House

House: passedNov 19, 2025
Senate: next
President: not yet

9 senators score as swing votes

Summary

, via Congress.gov

Summary on Congress.gov

District of Columbia Cash Bail Reform Act of 2025

This bill mandates, in the District of Columbia (DC), pretrial and post-conviction detention for crimes of violence and dangerous crimes and cash bail to obtain pretrial release for public safety or order crimes.

Read full summary

Under current DC law, a court may generally order a defendant released before trial based on the judge’s assessment of the risks posed by the defendant's release. If the defendant is charged with a crime of violence or a dangerous crime, the court must determine conditions for release; if the defendant has a prior history of such crimes, is charged with a crime that involves deadly weapons, or is charged with a crime of violence, there is a rebuttable presumption that the defendant must be detained.

The bill requires defendants charged with a crime of violence or a dangerous crime to be detained while awaiting trial. It also prohibits a court from releasing a defendant charged with a public safety or order crime without a secured appearance bond (i.e., money or property subject to forfeiture).

Public safety or order crimes

include fleeing from a law enforcement officer, rioting, and stalking.

Current DC law also allows individuals who are convicted of an offense to be released pending sentencing or an appeal if the court finds the individual is unlikely to flee or pose a danger to others. The bill requires individuals who are convicted of a crime of violence or a dangerous crime to be detained in these circumstances.

How the projections held up

Each member’s recorded vote compared with their swing projection from before the vote. A member by voting against most of their own party.

House

On PassagePassed237 yea, 179 nayNovember 19, 2025 · Roll call 298

How members in each band voted on this House vote, by their projection before the vote
BandBand before the vote	VotedVoted yea or nay	BrokeBroke with party	Share
Swing	35	20	57%
Middle	174	8	5%
Entrenched	204	0	0%
All

Committees and subjects

Committees

House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform · HouseReported by · Markup by · Referred to

Subjects

Correctional facilities and imprisonment
Crimes against property
Criminal procedure and sentencing
District of Columbia
Violent crime

Senate · 100 House · 433

Model

v3defaultv2

Directional: count only breaks toward the other party Why do scores change?

How the House breaks down

45Swing 70–100
204Middle 30–70
182Entrenched 0–30
2Insufficient data not ranked

Members fall into . 2 representatives don’t have enough data yet and are marked “insufficient data”. Non-voting delegates are not counted. The bill is not before the House right now; these scores show where members would stand.

Key players in the House

Ranked by swing score, 0–100 · swing-v2, directional

: only movement toward the other party counts, so members who sit further from the center than their party no longer score as swing votes.

Bars show each input from 0 to 100: ideology gap, scorecard gap, . is the seat’s partisan lean, and shows how much of the input data a score has.

Similar past votes, House

Earlier behind swing-v3’s input

Similar votes count toward swing-v3 in the House: total similarity weight 28.0 (needs 5.0).

H.R. 5214 · Nov 19, 2025 · Roll call 297On PassageDistrict of Columbia Cash Bail Reform Act
PassedSame bill×3.0
H.R. 5140 · Sep 16, 2025 · Roll call 270On PassageTo lower the age at which a minor may be tried as an adult for certain criminal offenses in the District of Columbia to 14 years of age
PassedShared subjects×1.0
H.R. 4922 · Sep 16, 2025 · Roll call 269On PassageDC CRIMES Act
PassedShared subjects×1.0
H.R. 7530 · May 15, 2024 · Roll call 919On PassageDC CRIMES Act
PassedShared subjects×1.0
H.R. 9576 · Sep 16, 2026 · Roll call 669On PassageNational Fraud Enforcement Division Act
PassedSame policy area×0.5
H.R. 5625 · May 14, 2026 · Roll call 531On PassageCashless Bail Reporting Act
PassedSame policy area×0.5
H.R. 6260 · May 14, 2026 · Roll call 529On PassageKeeping Violent Offenders Off Our Streets Act
PassedSame policy area×0.5
H.Con.Res. 96 · May 13, 2026 · Roll call 525On Agreeing to the ResolutionExpressing support for law enforcement officers
PassedSame policy area×0.5

Show 17 more

H.R. 2853 · May 12, 2026 · Roll call 517On Motion to Suspend the Rules and Pass, as AmendedCombating Organized Retail Crime Act
PassedSame policy area×0.5
H.R. 2189 · Feb 12, 2026 · Roll call 430On PassageLaw-Enforcement Innovate to De-Escalate Act
PassedSame policy area×0.5
H.R. 3492 · Dec 17, 2025 · Roll call 350On PassageProtect Children’s Innocence Act
PassedSame policy area×0.5
H.R. 4371 · Dec 16, 2025 · Roll call 339On PassageKayla Hamilton Act
Passed

Cosponsors

3 active

Show all 3 cosponsors

John James (R-MI-10)
Tim Moore (R-NC-14)
Troy E. Nehls (R-TX-22)

How the swing score works

Ideology gapHow far a member’s DW-NOMINATE voting score sits from their party’s median in the same chamber.

Scorecard gapHow far their Heritage Action and LCV ratings stray from their party’s average, using the groups’ votes on similar bills where available.

Cross-pressureHow strongly their district or state leans toward the other party, from our own computed partisan lean.

Similar votesHow often they voted against their own party on earlier roll calls about this bill or similar ones.

Committee bonusMembers of the committees handling the bill decide whether it moves, so they get a boost.

Cosponsor checkThe sponsor and active cosponsors have already committed, so they drop toward entrenched.

1
Jared F. GoldenDemocrat · Maine 2nd · Lean R+4On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Today92Swing
Vote on passage, Nov 19, 2025:YeaBroke with partyProjected at the vote: 89 Swing (today: 92)
ContactCall 202-225-6306 Website
2
Marie Gluesenkamp PerezDemocrat · Washington 3rd · Lean R+2On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Today90Swing
Vote on passage, Nov 19, 2025:YeaBroke with partyProjected at the vote: 85 Swing (today: 90)
Contact
3
Brian K. FitzpatrickRepublican · Pennsylvania 1st · Lean D+1On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Today89Swing
Vote on passage, Nov 19, 2025:YeaProjected at the vote: 83 Swing (today: 89)
ContactCall
4
Michael LawlerRepublican · New York 17th · Lean D+1On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Today88Swing
Vote on passage, Nov 19, 2025:YeaProjected at the vote: 83 Swing (today: 88)
ContactCall
5
Don BaconRepublican · Nebraska 2nd · Lean D+3On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Today88Swing
Vote on passage, Nov 19, 2025:YeaProjected at the vote: 83 Swing (today: 88)
ContactCall
6
Henry CuellarDemocrat · Texas 28th · Lean R+2On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Today88Swing
Vote on passage, Nov 19, 2025:YeaBroke with partyProjected at the vote: 81 Swing (today: 88)
Contact
7
Thomas H. KeanRepublican · New Jersey 7th · Lean EVENOn the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Today86Swing
Vote on passage, Nov 19, 2025:YeaProjected at the vote: 80 Swing (today: 86)
ContactCall
8
David G. ValadaoRepublican · California 22nd · Lean R+1On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Today85Swing
Vote on passage, Nov 19, 2025:YeaProjected at the vote: 78 Swing (today: 85)
ContactCall
9
Thomas R. SuozziDemocrat · New York 3rd · Lean EVENOn the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Today84Swing
Vote on passage, Nov 19, 2025:YeaBroke with partyProjected at the vote: 78 Swing (today: 84)
Contact
10
Josh GottheimerDemocrat · New Jersey 5th · Lean D+2On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Today84Swing
Vote on passage, Nov 19, 2025:YeaBroke with partyProjected at the vote: 77 Swing (today: 84)
Contact