Congress Swing TrackerLegislative intelligence Swing vote analysis

H.R. 3486: Stop Illegal Entry Act of 2025 · Congress Swing Tracker

H.R. 3486119th CongressImmigration

Stop Illegal Entry Act of 2025

Sponsored by Rep. Stephanie I. Bice (R-OK) · 5 active : 5 Republicans

Latest action: Received in the Senate.

Read the summary

Where it standsPassed House, now in the Senate

Passed House

House: passedSep 11, 2025
Senate: next
President: not yet

12 senators score as swing votes

Summary

, via Congress.gov

Summary on Congress.gov

Stop Illegal Reentry Act

This bill establishes or increases criminal penalties for certain non-U.S. nationals (

aliens

under federal law) who illegally enter the United States and then commit a felony or illegally reenter the United States.

The bill establishes a mandatory minimum prison term of 5 years and allows a life sentence for an individual who (1) improperly enters, or attempts to improperly enter, the United States; and (2) is subsequently convicted of a felony.

The bill increases the maximum term of imprisonment from 2 years to 5 years for repeated improper entry.

Read full summary

The bill also increases from 2 years to 10 years the maximum term of imprisonment for an individual who had been denied entry into or removed from the United States and who later enters or attempts to enter without prior approval. The bill increases the maximum term of imprisonment from 10 to 15 years if such an individual was convicted of three or more specified types of misdemeanors before removal.

An individual who had been denied entry or removed three or more times and who later enters or attempts to enter the United States shall be fined, imprisoned for up to 10 years, or both.

The bill establishes a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of 10 years and allows a life sentence for an individual who was convicted of a felony before removal, or convicted of illegal reentry at least two times before removal, and who subsequently enters or tries to enter the United States.

How the projections held up

Each member’s recorded vote compared with their swing projection from before the vote. A member by voting against most of their own party.

House

On PassagePassed226 yea, 197 naySeptember 11, 2025 · Roll call 264

How members in each band voted on this House vote, by their projection before the vote
BandBand before the vote	VotedVoted yea or nay	BrokeBroke with party	Share
Swing	67	10	15%
Middle	185	1	1%
Entrenched	164	0	0%
Insufficient data

Committees and subjects

Committees

House Committee on the Judiciary · HouseReported by · Markup by · Referred to

Subjects

Border security and unlawful immigration
Criminal justice information and records
Criminal procedure and sentencing
Detention of persons
Immigration status and procedures
Violent crime

Senate · 100 House · 433

Model

v3defaultv2

Directional: count only breaks toward the other party Why do scores change?

How the House breaks down

69Swing 70–100
210Middle 30–70
149Entrenched 0–30
5Insufficient data not ranked

Members fall into . 5 representatives don’t have enough data yet and are marked “insufficient data”. Non-voting delegates are not counted. The bill is not before the House right now; these scores show where members would stand.

Key players in the House

Ranked by swing score, 0–100 · swing-v3, directional

: only movement toward the other party counts, so members who sit further from the center than their party no longer score as swing votes.

Bars show each input from 0 to 100: ideology gap, scorecard gap, , and the . is the seat’s partisan lean, and shows how much of the input data a score has.

Similar past votes, House

Earlier behind swing-v3’s input

Similar votes count toward swing-v3 in the House: total similarity weight 25.0 (needs 5.0).

H.R. 3486 · Sep 11, 2025 · Roll call 263On PassageStop Illegal Entry Act
PassedSame bill×3.0
H.R. 4638 · Mar 19, 2026 · Roll call 456On PassageBOWOW Act
PassedShared subjects×1.0
H.R. 1958 · Mar 18, 2026 · Roll call 454On PassageDeporting Fraudsters Act
PassedShared subjects×1.0
S. 5 · Jan 22, 2025 · Roll call 22On PassageLaken Riley Act
PassedShared subjects×1.0
H.R. 29 · Jan 7, 2025 · Roll call 5On PassageLaken Riley Act
PassedShared subjects×1.0
H.R. 5717 · Sep 20, 2024 · Roll call 1155On PassageNo Bailout for Sanctuary Cities Act
PassedShared subjects×1.0
H.R. 7343 · May 15, 2024 · Roll call 922On PassageDetain and Deport Illegal Aliens Who Assault Cops Act
PassedShared subjects×1.0
H.Res. 1112 · May 1, 2024 · Roll call 894On Agreeing to the ResolutionDenouncing the Biden administration’s immigration policies
PassedShared subjects×1.0

Show 17 more

H.Res. 1065 · Mar 12, 2024 · Roll call 803On Agreeing to the ResolutionDenouncing the Biden administration’s immigration policies
PassedShared subjects×1.0
H.R. 7511 · Mar 7, 2024 · Roll call 784On PassageLaken Riley Act
PassedShared subjects×1.0
H.R. 3941 · Jul 19, 2023 · Roll call 339On PassageSchools Not Shelters Act
PassedShared subjects×1.0
H.R. 2494 · May 17, 2023 · Roll call 224On PassagePOLICE Act
PassedShared subjects

Cosponsors

5 active

Show all 5 cosponsors

Brad Knott (R-NC-13)
Derek Schmidt (R-KS-2)
Ryan K. Zinke (R-MT-1)
Anna Paulina Luna (R-FL-13)
Brandon Gill (R-TX-26)

How the swing score works

Ideology gapHow far a member’s DW-NOMINATE voting score sits from their party’s median in the same chamber.

Scorecard gapHow far their Heritage Action and LCV ratings stray from their party’s average, using the groups’ votes on similar bills where available.

Cross-pressureHow strongly their district or state leans toward the other party, from our own computed partisan lean.

Similar votesHow often they voted against their own party on earlier roll calls about this bill or similar ones.

Committee bonusMembers of the committees handling the bill decide whether it moves, so they get a boost.

Cosponsor checkThe sponsor and active cosponsors have already committed, so they drop toward entrenched.

All voting members	417	11	3%

1
Kevin KileyIndependent · California 3rd · Lean R+2House Committee on the JudiciaryOn the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
Committee
Broke with party on 8% of 32 similar votes
Today95Swing
Vote on passage, Sep 11, 2025:YeaProjected at the vote: 92 Swing (today: 95)
ContactCall 202-225-2523 Website
2
Jared F. GoldenDemocrat · Maine 2nd · Lean R+4On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 69% of 32 similar votes
Today95Swing
Vote on passage, Sep 11, 2025:YeaBroke with party
3
Marie Gluesenkamp PerezDemocrat · Washington 3rd · Lean R+2On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 67% of 32 similar votes
Today93Swing
Vote on passage, Sep 11, 2025:YeaBroke with party
4
Brian K. FitzpatrickRepublican · Pennsylvania 1st · Lean D+1On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 13% of 32 similar votes
Today93Swing
Vote on passage, Sep 11, 2025:YeaProjected at the vote: 90 Swing (today: 93)
Contact
5
Michael LawlerRepublican · New York 17th · Lean D+1On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 7% of 31 similar votes
Today92Swing
Vote on passage, Sep 11, 2025:Not votingProjected at the vote: 90 Swing (today: 92)
Contact
6
Don BaconRepublican · Nebraska 2nd · Lean D+3On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 7% of 31 similar votes
Today91Swing
Vote on passage, Sep 11, 2025:YeaProjected at the vote: 89 Swing (today: 91)
Contact
7
Henry CuellarDemocrat · Texas 28th · Lean R+2On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 69% of 32 similar votes
Today91Swing
Vote on passage, Sep 11, 2025:YeaBroke with party
8
Jared MoskowitzDemocrat · Florida 23rd · Lean D+2House Committee on the JudiciaryOn the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
Committee
Broke with party on 33% of 28 similar votes
Today91Swing
Vote on passage, Sep 11, 2025:NayProjected at the vote: Swing
9
Thomas H. KeanRepublican · New Jersey 7th · Lean EVENOn the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 7% of 28 similar votes
Today90Swing
Vote on passage, Sep 11, 2025:YeaProjected at the vote: 88 Swing (today: 90)
Contact
10
Donald G. DavisDemocrat · North Carolina 1st · Lean R+1On the ballot
Ideology gap
Scorecard gap
Cross-pressure
Similar votes
CommitteeNo committee seatBroke with party on 70% of 31 similar votes
Today89Swing
Vote on passage, Sep 11, 2025:YeaBroke with party